Russia has undergone significant changes since the collapse of the Soviet Union, moving from a centrally planned economy towards a more market-based system, according to the CIA.
Both economic growth and reform have stalled in recent years, however, and Russia remains a predominantly statist economy with a high concentration of wealth in officials’ hands.
Economic reforms in the 1990s privatized most industry, with notable exceptions in the energy, transportation, banking, and defense-related sectors. The protection of property rights is still weak, and the state continues to interfere in the free operation of the private sector, the CIA states.
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